Contaminated Land Questions
Do I need to have environmental checks for contaminated land on my new house? Do I need to have environmental checks for contaminated land on my new house? The solictor has shown it as optional on the forms. I don't really understand what will happen tothe outcome of the search anyway. We have done a free search online which says the house is likely to have been built on a landfill and it's near and use for industrial purposes. Do I need to pay the solicitor to confirm this? What is done with the result? I have seen some people who have posted to forums worrying that their mortgage lender will withdraw the offer due to results of such checks, but then why are they optional? Will the mortgage lender also do these checks as part of their survey? Please help!
new build home built on contaminated land? if a new house builder has built a house in the u.k on contaminated land causing a long delay on entry to the house ,and then has in papers to the local authority admitted that they built on contaminated land and were fully responsible ...would i be able to claim compensation?
Brought a property on contaminated land, solicitor didnt advise of resale risks. What are my rights? Should i have carried out land searches or is it something my solicitor shouldve done. I am quite worried because i've found out details since i moved in that the land is dangerous! Can i be compensated for buying when my solicitor hadnt warned me of health risks or resale problems? Can you get a refund on your mortgage? we new we were next to contaminated land when we bought just not advised of the implications.
Do I have to pay rent on chemically contaminated land? I just found out what "love Canal" really is. I'm going to be moving soon and I was wondering if I legally still have to pay rent even though it has nothing said in the rental agreement and my landlord never said a word about the 21,800 lbs. of toxic waste practically in my backyard.
Why we need to clean the land which has been contaminated with metals? I need help with my homework that I need to write a 1 page essay on the question.
An accident at a UK nuclear reprocessing plant caused an area of local moor-land to be contaminated with the? An accident at a UK nuclear reprocessing plant caused an area of local moor-land to be contaminated with the radioactive isotope cobalt-60, which has a half-life of 5.23 years. The radioactivity of the moor-land just after the accident was measured at 500 bequerels.m-2. Public access to the moor-land was restricted until the level of radioactivity fell to 1.0 bequerel.m-2. How long must access be restricted ? useful equation: In {original activity / existing activity} = k x time taken. Hint : First use the value of the half-life and the logarithmic relationship between radioactivity and time, given above, to determine k, the rate constant. Now use the value of k obtained to predict the access restriction time.
: Ed works for an environmental protection agency which deals with land areas that have been contaminated by t 5: Ed works for an environmental protection agency which deals with land areas that have been contaminated by toxic waste. The contaminated soil covers an area of 1.62 acres. Ed must remove the top 18 inches of soil in this area. 1 acre = 43,560 square feet 1 square yard = 9 square feet What is the area of contaminated soil in square yards? 1600.0 3920.4 7840.8 10890 6: With the information from number 5, what is the total volume of the contaminated soil in cubic yards? 1600.0 3920.4 7840.8 10890 7: With the information from number 5 and 6, if each truck can haul 10 cubic yards of soil, how many full truckloads of contaminated soil will Ed be removing? 160 392 393 784
Are there any websites which can be helpful when deciding where to buy a house in the UK? I am aware that the EA site shows flood plains, but I am sure there is another which shows previous land use such as industrial or agricultural use and such things as potentially contaminated land.
What can I do with my diesel contaminated soil? I recently found out that the previous owner of my home had poured diesel feul over sections of my land. Now there are large barren patches of dirt, and I'm not sure how to deal with it. I know that the diesel was poured within the last 3-4 yrs, but I don't know how much was used. I know that I can use other landscaping ideas, but I want to grow plants in this soil and nothing seems to take. I live in El Cajon, California so there is also a desert climate to think of. Does anyone have any ideas on what I should do with the soil or landscaping?
Where do you dispose of contaminated soil? I am considering purchasing some land in the Los Angeles area. The property has some environmental issues as there was previously an auto body shop on the property and they were not too environmentally conscious. If I purchase this property I will have to excavate and dispose of 60000 cubic feet of soil. How and where do would you dispose of soil in the Los Angeles area?
What is a CAS number for isopropalin Lindane? I am working on one of my coursework which is called contaminated land and its remediation. My cantaminated substance is Isopropalin lindane, but I can not find its CAS number.i would be grateful of any body could help me!!!!1
how to isolate microbe that found in municipal sludge? How this microbe can apply to contaminated land?
As SLR infiltrates the low-lying areas of the Planet, will it gradually wash out buried poisons to sea? Unlike temporary floods, that only wash buried pollutants to sea/river systems episodicaly and locally, Sea Level Rise will simultaneously flood ALL lowlands. Developed Nations have vast areas of contaminated land and have been burying toxics in their own lowlans and those of their colonies'/client states. Chemical and radioactive wastes, landfills, cemeteries, waste dumps, animal and plague pits (organism's notional life: 1000 yrs) etc. What will happen as sea water SIMULTANEOUSLY infiltrates, dissolves, washes out at each tide, GLOBALLY, and recirculates them all over ALL of the world's coasts, before washing them out to sea? What are the chances of preventing a mass extinction of most marine AND many terrestrial species of the wet margin, by gradual bioaccumulation in the trophic webs? CAN Developed Nations [intent on hedonistic lifestyles, mindless trivia, hyper-expansion and Neolithic religious wars] prevent Bio-Armageddon? WILL THEY? Can WE?
What does a red residue in my toiler bowl mean? I live in a brand-new townhouse development. The land I live on now was a former Massey-Ferguson tractor factory. The land was contaminated but has now been cleaned. Is this red-residue indicative of a problem with our water supply?
Can you kill germs by burning the contaminated item? Like how you burn a diseased cow? Can you kill germs on a newly cooked food, until a fly just landed on it for who knows how long, by burning in an ovan? Burning it but not so much so that you would still be able to eat the food.
With the gas crisis what do you think happens to all the old inefficient cars? Do we just dump them somewhere and make more garbage to pollute the earth faster than it already is? Or should people demand a better solution like a convertor to change the cars we already have or a better fuel this crap is getting real old and the pollutors are making our earth real sick. Heck the oceans are already closed to being dead and the land is contaminated everywhere and people ask why?
financial acoounting question for my exam? Brighton Chemical Company, has as a result of its ongoing operations, contaminated the land on which it operates. There is no legal requirement to clean up the land. Required. Should the company recognise a liability?
Uranium - how much is my land worth? (Canada)? Had a stranger come to my door the other day, wanting to buy my land. I gave him a funny look as it's not for sale. Turns out the area my 250 acre piece of land is located is a Uranium deposit. We've been questioning as to why the Crown had been buying up all the lands around us the past couple years. Anyways, offer is $875,000 for it all. Only paid $100,000 for it, but have to consider the amount of work that has been put into the barn, garage/shop, fields and a second house, plus the amount of hard/softwood that could be harvested (which they'll clearcut immediately). They warned me that if I decide to keep my land, my well water could be contaminated when they start the mining as I am downhill to the site; but over 100 acres away. Certainly a risk I'm not willing to take. It'll be sad to see this happen as the area has a really nice river that goes for miles and miles and many people enjoy swimming under the bridge on my land. Is $875K reasonable, or would it be worth more?
If you have the power to do anything, what would you do to save the planet? There is no water, there is no air (in Japan poeple start to buy oxygen because its all contaminated, they enter in a oxygen store and buy oxygen for a while). The destruction of habitable land, temperature fluctuations (look what just happened in New Orleans) If you were the most powerfull human in earth for one day. And your mission is to save the planet. WHAT WOULD YOU DO?
Has anyone heard about Monsanto taking over our food supply? They have patents on plants now and have forced farmers to pay them for Monsanto's plants getting blown in the wind onto their land! They are being forced to buy seeds from Monsanto and Monsanto has been buying up all the seed companies so all the farmers have to buy seeds from them that have to be sprayed with Monsanto's chemicals!!! They have planted geniticly altered seeds that contaminate all the other crops and then swoop in and make the farmers pay for their own crops being contaminated!!! Monsanto is one EVIL company! EVERYONE needs to be aware of what they are doing! BOYCOTT MONSANTO!!!
Did you know that the land of the Pixies was once at peace with all? Until the evil corruption of Stefy and her half man half donkey minions contaminated the very ground they walked upon. This devastated the grain production of Pixie land and soon the half donkeys began to pillage the peaceful villages of Pixie land. This brought much distress and vexation to the Pixie Captain known as Dark Mistress so with the help of Valencialista she organized a team of 11 Pixie champions to do battle against the evil minions of Stefy, and so the footie tourney begins:)
Buying things from China, Japan, Thai Land etc? There are lots of criticism about buying things from China, Japan, Thai Land etc most of the criticism are that stuff from these countries arent real or you might get duped but the most surprising thing is that 80 percent if not 90 of all our electronics are from these countries, so why then are there all these criticism ?. Ofcourse, one has to be very careful when it comes to doing business over a long distance as some people are seriously contaminated in their minds and would exploit any which way to get money. For this reason i am challenging the well educated people of these countries to take their time and suggest how to buy things over the internet from their country, if you have used different trusted websites to buy stuff before without any trouble then why dont you all just post links of websites that you do use to shop. By doing this people all over the world would find it more safer to buy things from China, Japan, Thai Land etc, this will in turn boost the economy and create a good name for your country. Yea i am looking to buy stuff from china after i found out that what shops are selling at 20 pounds only cost 5 pounds in China, the thing is, this product is not even a branded one, i bought this stuff from maplin, then one day i came across a website selling the same product, so i took the risk to buy it from China, cost me 7 pounds in all.The shocking thing is that it was the same company that sold it to maplin, by the way it's a mobile power pack. I just think that the companies in the UK are seriously ripping us off
Failed environmental search, please help? Please help, I am going crazy here! A flat I am buying is 25 metres away from "potentially contaminated land." my parents say that it will be difficult to sell, the estate agent is useless, the solicitor says she cant give advice on this, and everyone else says it will be fine. Is this going to effect the sellability of the flat? What is the new law that is coming into force about environmental issues? (I've heard there is one) Thanks in advance.
How to improve the lives of Bangladeshi people? Innovative & practical ideas needed.? Despite sustained domestic and international efforts to improve economic and demographic prospects, Bangladesh remains a poor, overpopulated, and inefficiently-governed nation. About a third of this extremely poor country floods annually during the monsoon rainy season, hampering economic development. Environmental issues: many people are landless and forced to live on and cultivate flood-prone land; water-borne diseases prevalent in surface water; water pollution, especially of fishing areas, results from the use of commercial pesticides; ground water contaminated by naturally occurring arsenic; intermittent water shortages because of falling water tables in the northern and central parts of the country; soil degradation and erosion; deforestation; severe overpopulation. Risk of infectious disease is high and sources include bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, typhoid fever, dengue fever, malaria, leptospirosis, and rabies.
Should Europe close the borders to the Americans due to swine flu ? Us Europeans can not accept contaminated americans in our land ! I cant understand how are those people infected, do they kiss pigs? jesus christ !
If a fly lands on food, what sorts of germs and bacteria are transferred onto it? I just had a sandwich, and all the ingredients were on a plate (there wasn't a whole lot). Meanwhile, there was a housefly flying around the kitchen. I left the plate on my counter and went into my room (briefly). Before I ate it, I wondered the possibility of the fly landing on the food, ergo, contaminating it. I still ate it and I am scared that it actually landed on it, and that I could get diseases that are severe or something else that is a threat to my health. So, the question is, should I be worried? If so, what can I do?
Land Contamination - Bioremediation? I am currently doing a module where i must look at remediation methods for contaminated land. I have chosen to use the bioremediation method. I'm wondering if anyone has a method statement or just any general information that they could send me or direct me too. Thanks
GM food crops in the UK? Labour shills to evil Mammon master, Monsanto- have snookered now the UK farmer- as if they hadn't already fecked everyone over already. In Canada's infamous Schmeiser vs Monsanto (M), judge ruled: if GM cross-pollinated or contaminated non GM crop- it all became property of M along with all seeds farmers store for developing his own better seed. In US in contracts (serfdom) with M a farmer must: Never use own crops or seed Use only M seed Use only M chemicals Agree to random, no-warrant inspections from private M crop inspectors Never take M to court- ever even if land is rendered unusable/contaminated if you want to start afresh as a non M-serf farmer If M fines you for violations you must sign a non-disclosure statement in US- GM has shown yields 14% less than conventional- and left many tracts of land unusable via soil depletion. Pigs fed on GM will not reproduce until taken off GM diet in some cases A German farmer fed cattle GM (illegally grown by him) all died pls read on cross contamination to closely related species is very real- then what? Monsanto now owns them. We could be a GM free island- why would Labour- alleged supporter of working man do this? Avon- want to see Monsanto's true colours: http://www.percyschmeiser.com/crime.htm
Geometry...? 4: Pine bark mulch 6 inches deep is to be spread in each of the following flower beds. 1st: 2 foot by 25 foot rectangular bed, 2nd: 2 foot by 25 foot rectangular bed, 3rd: 4 foot by 25 foot rectangular bed, and 4th: 15 foot diameter circular flower bed. Mulch is sold by the cubic yard. To the nearest cubic yard, how much mulch will need to be purchased? 5 7 16 27 5: Ed works for an environmental protection agency which deals with land areas that have been contaminated by toxic waste. The contaminated soil covers an area of 1.62 acres. Ed must remove the top 18 inches of soil in this area. 1 acre = 43,560 square feet 1 square yard = 9 square feet What is the area of contaminated soil in square yards? 1600.0 3920.4 7840.8 10890 6: With the information from number 5, what is the total volume of the contaminated soil in cubic yards? 1600.0 3920.4 7840.8 10890 7: With the information from number 5 and 6, if each truck can haul 10 cubic yards of soil, how many full truckloads of contaminated soil will Ed be removing? 160 392 393 784
Do buildings in general increase background radiation due to radon? Radon, a radioactive gas, is found in many houses, and presumably all air conditioned buildings across the planet. It is drawn up through cracks in the basement due to a "chimney effect" that produces an updraft in any building. Some homes have been found to be so contaminated that living in one is equivalent to smoking two to three packs of cigarettes per day in terms of increased lung cancer risk. So, with all of these residences emitting radon gas at a rate that is presumably several times greater than the ground itself would, is this contributing to a potentially serious problem, or is the percentage of land covered with buildings just not significant enough to produce a significant change in background radiation?
Did WWii stop the Holocaust or conceal it? The pope was right there in the middle of the Holocaust. He totally ignored the world plea for him to stop it. By stopping it he would have had to admit it was happening. Don't want to go there. All you have to do is focus. The Christians and Jews have been fighting a secret war for 2000 years+. 6,000,000 Jews had their backs up against a wall. The pope was drooling. Focus, focus, focus. Would any pope pass up an opportunity like that to please Jesus. Will Benedict pass up the opportunity of half-Islamic Obama being the Chief of the huge military stationed near the border of Israel? Don't worry. No nukes on Isreal. That would contaminate the popes Holy Land. Wouldn't wanna go there.
The world resources are becoming scarce, how the world can sustain the selfish development of human? Have you people realise that fish are dying, water are contaminated, trees are fell and replace by concrete buildings, temperature on the rise. How much more can the selfish development go? At the rate it is going, there will become a disaster where there will be no water to drink, nothing to eat, skyrocket property price as no more land to develop, etc etc. Pls everyone do something about it !!!
Is this the end of our civilization? 1) Poverty - poor people can't buy food and can't buy seeds to plant to grow food; hungry people become too weak to work. 2) War - war causes people to flee their homes and land; soldiers take or destroy food; crops get destroyed, fields get mined, and wells become contaminated. 3) Natural Disasters - earthquakes, floods, and droughts destroy or prevent agricultural production and dislocate people; epidemics of disease have similar effects and also cause weakness, poverty, and hunger. 4) Bad Governments - governments put resources into developing cities, building militaries, etc., rather than spending money to encourage farming, build roads, etc.
Do you think CPS would do anything about this? Yesterday my ex friend breastfed my 2 month old son without my consent. He has been throwing up all day this morning and half of last night. My ex friend could possibly be Hep C positive, but the doctor has informed me that vomiting is more of a reaction to something that he may have been exposed to through her milk, and if it persists until noon, to bring him back in (he's already been in for preliminary bloodwork for hep c this morning). I gave my son colostrum for a month and a half, but stopped after that and he was put on Nutramigen for allergies. My ex friend knows he needs that special formula, NOT her possibly contaminated milk. to make matters worse, she breastfed him alongside her 14 month old who just got over bronchitis. My son has never been sick. Now he's throwing up. She informed me she did eat garlic pasta yesterday. My first instinct was to destroy her and throw her into fire, but that would land me in jail. My hubby is in Iraq, but will be able to return if it's bad.
Do you think the Nobel Committee should have done their homework before giving Al Gore The Peace Prize based? on his enviormental contributions ? Environmental Trendiness (and Hypocrisy) In the past, Al Gore has made his environmental positions a big part of his message, notably in his book "Earth in the Balance", which sold well. We don't critique candidates' policy positions, but some of that may come back to haunt him by making him look extreme, trendy or hypocritical. Gore runs the risk of being shown up as a hypocrite, the way Mike Dukakis was in 1998 after Boston Harbor's pollution problem was exposed. One example is the Pigeon River in North Carolina and east Tennesee. The Champion International paper mill has pumped tons of chemicals and byproducts into it for years, turning it the color of cofee and adding a sulfurish smell. Gore campaigned hard against this pollution and lobbied the EPA to crack down. But in 1987, as Gore started running for president the first time, he was pressured by 2 politicians whose support he craved for the North Carolina Super Tuesday primary. Terry Sanford (then a Senator) and Jamie Clarke (North Carolina congressmen) lobbied him hard to ease up on Champion. Gore did, writing to the EPA again and now asking for a more permissive water pollution standard. Sanford and Clarke endorsed him, and Gore won the state handily. Another example is a Gore family property that has been mined for zinc and germanium for decades. The Vice-President and his dad, the late Senator Albert Gore, Sr., obtained the land in a very favorable deal with the late Armand Hammer of Occidental Petroleum. Gore, Sr. was heavily supported by Hammer financially, and carried his water in the U.S. Senate. Back in 1972, when zinc was discovered across the river from the Gore family land in Carthage, TN, Hammer sent engineers out and offered $20,000 per year for a mineral rights lease on some property owned by a church that had been willed the land. Instead, they wanted to sell and Hammer won a bidding war to buy the land for $160,000. He then sold it to Gore Jr. and Sr. for the same amount, and immediately started leasing the land back from him for the same $20,000. Lynwood Burkhalter, who in the 70s was president of the company that assumed this lease from Occidental Petroleum, called the payments "extraordinarily large." Mining is, of course, a very messy business environmentally. The mine itself hasn't been that bad. Republicans have claimed that it's polluting the local drinking water, but according to the Wall Street Journal those problems "are actually very minor." However, the Journal notes that the plant in Clarksville TN, which processes the Gore minerals, is a federal Superfund site contaminated with cadmium and mercury, posing "a threat to the human food chain." There's also a damning quote about cutting down Yew trees to make a promising cancer treatment that we used to include in our Gore quotes section. Except that the really embarrassing part -- which we got from an editorial in the Austin, Texas American Statesman -- turns out to be distorted and out of context. The full quote, which is still a little odd, is: "The Pacific Yew can be cut down and processed to produce a potent chemical, taxol, which offers some promise of curing certain forms of lung, breast and ovarian cancer in patients who would otherwise quickly die. It seems an easy choice -- sacrifice the tree for a human life -- until one learns that three trees must be destroyed for each patient treated, that only specimens more than a hundred years old contain the potent chemical in their bark, and that there are very few of these yews remaining on earth." - Gore, in "Earth in the Balance", p. 119 The distorted version puts a period after "for each patient treated," as if the ratio of trees to humans was what bothered Gore. In reality, his point is that treating all current cancer patients would destroy all of the trees, leaving none of the drug for future cancer patients
Please Help with this math problem? Help? Ed works for an environmental protection agency which deals with land areas that have been contaminated by toxic waste. The contaminated soil covers an area of 1.62 acres. Ed must remove the top 18 inches of soil in this area. 1 acre=43,560 square feet 1 square yard = 9 square feet a) what is the area of the contaminated soil in square yards? 1.1600 2. 3920 3. 7840.8 4. 10890 b) What is the total volume of the continental soil in cubic yards? 1.1600 2. 3920 3. 7840.8 4. 10890 c) If each truck can haul 10 cubic yards of soil, how many full truckloads of contaminated soil will Ed be removing? Please Help! Also, please show the steps on how you determined your answers. Help! Thank You!!! I really need help with this. As I am waiting for responses, I am also trying to do it myself, but I can't seem to figure it out. the first letter i figured out, but i'm stuck on b and c. but please show the steps how you got the answer so i can see how you figured it out and learn from it.
WHO IS RESPONSIBLE IN FIRST INSTANCE TO CARRY OUT REMEDIATION WORK ON CONTAMINATED LAND?r=1224411914? is it environment agency or occupier or localo authority or original polluter
Some of you wanted to know how illegals affect us? personally???? Here is ONE example!!!!!!!!!!!!! Catastrophe in Care Hospitals are being crippled by the costs of treating migrants--and that could be just the start of an immigrant-related health crisis By LEO W. BANKS Leo W. Banks One of the many signs on the Naco Highway. Leo W. Banks "It's not unusual to have one UDA (undocumented alien) cost $5,000, and we know we're not going to get that back," says Josie Mincher, emergency room manager at Copper Queen Hospital. Leo W. Banks "Until we have comprehensive immigration reform, we need to bear the health-care costs for undocumented workers, whatever those costs are," says Rev. Tom Buechele. If you drive along Southern Arizona's border with Mexico long enough, you might see a lone illegal wandering the desert. Or maybe he's hunched at the roadside sipping water from his milk jug. What's he doing there, and where are his compatriots, the people he broke into the country with? The uninformed might ask those questions, but those who live with the daily invasion across our open borders can make a pretty good guess what's happening. The fellow got bounced from his group by the coyote-guide. Two transgressions will get an illegal cut loose with certainty: Either he can't pay, or he shows signs of tuberculosis. You think these coyotes are fools? They don't want some hollow-eyed lunger hacking and coughing blood on them. So it's adios, pal, and now you're America's problem. But they know that already. Every illegal realizes that if he makes it to an emergency room in Southern Arizona, or anywhere around the country for that matter, he can get treatment, free of charge. It's federal law, and has been for 20 years. In its evolution, the policy has become a kind of federal health insurance program for illegals, and its rising costs are eating up resources that could otherwise go to poor and uninsured American citizens. It has created a financial nightmare for border hospitals and contributed to cutbacks in services at Tucson hospitals. Is this an outrage? A scandal? Some think it's both. But going back to our active TB sufferer, here's something even worse: The guy can't get treatment anywhere, goes underground and takes a job at a restaurant in Tucson or L.A., and coughs his way to infecting scores of others. Talk about a Hobson's choice. But as with everything in the ongoing crisis of illegal immigration, the hard choices would largely evaporate if the federal government fulfilled its constitutional duty and took control of our border. The threat illegal immigration poses to American public health plays out every day at Arizona's hospitals. Until recently, the issue remained only marginally public, a problem medical people batted around among themselves, not with the media. Even today, several hospitals contacted for this story declined comment. The Copper Queen Hospital in Bisbee, one of the hardest hit, helped break that barrier when CEO Jim Dickson began returning reporters' calls, even though the subject, as he puts it, has become "like the third rail. You don't want to touch it." But his problem had grown severe. Dickson's uncompensated costs for treating illegals rose from $35,000 in 1999 to $450,000 in 2004. His total shortfall now sits at about $1.4 million, a hefty deficit for a 14-bed hospital. To make ends meet, he had to close, in June 2000, the Copper Queen's long-term care facility, and cut back on staff and hours, forcing some employees to take second jobs to survive. The hospital has seen a ray of light, however. In the first months of 2005, the Copper Queen has gone back into surplus, in part because more illegals are in Border Patrol custody when brought in to the hospital. That means the Border Patrol must reimburse the Queen for the cost. In the past, agents would drop injured illegals not in their custody at the ER and take off, sticking the hospital with bills that never got paid. Another reason for the decrease, says Dickson: the Minuteman Project. "It's been terrific for us in April," he says, cutting down on the number of people coming across and therefore the number requiring ER treatment. Dickson says the hospital wrote off about $6,000 in losses in April this year, compared to about $35,000 in April 2004. The central issue, though, remains in place--the hospital has had to scale back health services to American citizens to treat illegals. Bisbee isn't alone. The most comprehensive study on the subject found that 24 counties in four states bordering Mexico wracked up $190 million in unpaid emergency medical bills caring for illegals in the year 2000. The study, commissioned by the U.S.-Mexico Border Counties Coalition, found that California spent $79 million of that; Texas, $74 million; Arizona, $31 million; and New Mexico, $6 million. Bear in mind that these numbers, the best available, are from 2000. We can assume, with increasing rates of crossings since then, the costs are considerably higher today. Nor do the above figures take into account non-border counties. Treating illegals in Maricopa County costs as much as $50 million a year, according to an estimate used by Republican Sen. Jon Kyl. Nationally, American hospitals lose $1.45 billion a year. The Medicare reform bill passed in 2003 allocated $1 billion to reimburse states for federally mandated ER care given to illegals--about $45 million a year of that to come to Arizona over four years. But even that, some hospital staffers say, is little more than a Band-Aid on a huge problem. Ruth Kish, director of patient care services at Copper Queen, expects that under the repayment formula, her hospital will receive only 10 cents of every dollar they spend on illegals. "But every bit helps," says Kish. Another factor: The counties in the above-mentioned study spent an additional $13 million in 2000 on emergency transportation, such as helicopters and ambulances, to pick up illegals injured after sneaking across the line. The Bisbee Fire Department's ambulance responds to about one of these calls a day during the summer, says Chief Jack Earnest. Asked how many of these patients pay up, Earnest wasn't sure, and recommended contacting the billing office in Sierra Vista. The billing office knew exactly how often illegals pay their ambulance bills--never. But there's another category--Mexicans injured in Mexico who call American ambulances for help. By federal law, they have to respond, which makes Bisbee's Copper Queen the trauma center of choice for Sonora's northern frontier. The calls come from Naco, Sonora, the town across the line just south of Bisbee, where, in spite of widespread poverty, cell phones are popular, and everybody knows the Americans are bound by law to treat them. "When we get a call we go, and we don't ask where the person's from," says Earnest. Naco residents needing care go to the port of entry and declare an emergency to American officials. When they're waved through, they're transported to the Copper Queen's ER in Bisbee's ambulance, or they drive themselves in private cars. The policy is called Compassionate Entry, and it applies to hospitals up and down the line. The Copper Queen averages about five such cases a month. Some abuse the privilege, says ER Manager Josie Mincher. She's seen Compassionate Entries with bad sore throats and others who aren't sick at all. One pregnant girl landed in the ER recently complaining of morning sickness. Most are seriously sick, though, and the staff rushes to help, "because that's what we do," says Mincher. But it doesn't take much to blow the budget. "Just walking in the door is $400," says Mincher. "It's not unusual to have one UDA (undocumented alien) cost $5,000, and we know we're not going to get that back. We're playing with monopoly money here." Here's an example of how one patient can wrack up a huge bill: A young Mexican man had a bad auto accident across the line and was taken to Douglas' Southeast Arizona Medical Center with severe neurological problems. After being stabilized there, he was transferred to Barrow's Neurological Center in Phoenix. He spent a costly month there, courtesy of the Center, and was transferred--with a tracheotomy tube in his throat and supplies to clean it, also provided gratis by Barrow's--to a hospital in Hermosillo. That facility kept him less than a day before releasing him to his home in Naco. But for reasons no one can explain, the Hermosillo hospital kept his trach kit and cleaning supplies. As a result, he became septic--a bad infection--and came through the Naco port under Compassionate Entry to the Copper Queen. He spent three days there, then the staff sent him off, with more free supplies, to a clinic in Agua Prieta for continued care. How much did this fellow cost the American health care system? A figure of a quarter-million dollars would surprise no one. Cost to the Copper Queen? Almost $6,000, and they got none of it back. Northern Cochise Community Hospital is in Willcox, far enough from the border that it doesn't get patients crossing the line for health care. But that doesn't mean it escapes the invasion. CEO Chris Cronberg loses about $100,000 a year caring for illegals, mostly those injured in traffic accidents when their loaded vehicle flips while speeding north. "It's not make or break for us," says Cronberg. "But as a small hospital, we depend on cash, and those are dollars that aren't coming in, so it has an impact." The same is true at Sierra Vista Regional Health Center, according to Vice President Marie Wurth. She expects the hospital to lose $250,000 this year treating those who jump the line, get hurt doing it and don't pay their bills. The big squeeze is on in Tucson, too. Tucson Medical Center loses an estimated $4 million every year treating illegals. The corresponding figure at UMC, which includes some foreign nationals, was $3.5 million for fiscal 2004, a $2 million increase from the previous year. Part of that is attributable to UMC, in July 2003, becoming Tucson's only Level One trauma center, meaning it saw the most serious cases. Chief Financial Officer Kevin Burns says the hospital's re-payment rate for treating illegals is about 5 cents on the dollar. "It's very expensive for us and continues to grow," says Burns, who says many illegals, as well as uninsured Americans, use his ER like a primary care physician. "We hear anecdotally that people come here from across the border because they know they can get cared for, and if they present at the ER, they can get that care at no cost." The federal law that put the hospitals on the hook for the medical bills of illegals goes by the acronym EMTALA--Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act. It says that anybody who shows up in an ER must get screened, treated and stabilized, regardless of citizenship or ability to pay. But since its passage in 1985, the definition of emergency has evolved to include just about anything, and because Congress didn't fund the requirement, hospitals have had to eat the costs as word has spread that the federal goodie wagon is parked at the ER door. In cities with huge illegal populations, such as Los Angeles, the effects have been disastrous. In its spring 2005 issue, the Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons reported that between 1993 and 2003, 60 California hospitals closed because, for several reasons including EMTALA, half of their services became unpaid. Another 24 are near closing, says author Madeleine Pelner Cosman. She also writes that in 1983, before EMTALA, L.A. County put together a trauma network that was "one of America's finest emergency med response organizations." A mere 22 years later--again, in part because of EMTALA--Cosman says the system is coming apart, with most trauma hospitals having left the network, along with physicians, surgeons and others. The law has caused a similar situation in Tucson, on a smaller scale. "With EMTALA, the government created an unfunded national health insurance program, and it has caused real problems in this community," says Dr. Herb McReynolds, who works for a company that manages the ER department for St. Mary's Hospital, which treats a large number of illegals. Lawmakers wrote the legislation to prevent patient dumping--in which one hospital refuses to accept, say, an uninsured woman in labor, telling ambulance personnel to take her to the county hospital instead. It stopped that practice. But it has caused a big increase in the amount of un-reimbursed care that hospitals provide, and in McReynolds' words, "made physicians rethink their careers and lifestyles." "The price of it has come over time, because after so much uncompensated care, it forces physicians off our call list," says McReynolds. "Physicians have a practice to go to the next day and a family, and ask themselves, do I really want to be up at 2 a.m. providing care when I won't get comp, and I can still get sued?" Some docs have removed themselves from on-call lists by going to work at outpatient surgical centers not affiliated with a hospital. Others stay on call, but limit the amount of time they're available. A neurosurgeon might take call one day a week, and that satisfies the law. EMTALA says that you must provide a reasonable amount of coverage, without being strict or specific about how much that is. McReynolds says that EMTALA--in tandem with the malpractice crisis--has caused the loss of medical coverage at many hospitals around the country and in Tucson, including St. Mary's. "Several years ago we had five neurosurgeons on staff here, and now we have two," he says. "We had hand surgery coverage every day, and now we have it one week a month. We used to have full ob-gyn coverage, and now they've left and gone to TMC. We have no ob-gyn and one gynecologist on staff covering emergencies one day a week." With docs all over Tucson running for cover, trying to stay off call and away from ERs, the variety of emergency health care available to Tucsonans has seriously diminished. And here's the most maddening irony of all: The feds now reimburse American hospitals for treating non-paying illegals, but not for treating American citizens. Exception: Those eligible for care under Federal Emergency Services, a fairly restrictive program. For a year and a half now, UMC has approached non-paying illegals in a novel way--it actually reports them to immigration officials. "Some people find that cold, but we have a responsibility to protect this charitable asset (hospital)," says CFO Burns, adding that UMC's status as a public entity requires a different approach. "Our belief is that to the extent people have ability to pay, we expect them to." After triaging and stabilizing an ER patient, the hospital sets out to learn who that patient is, and how he or she plans to pay. To those who are uninsured and underinsured, the hospital offers the option of applying for its innovative Charity Care program. Under it, the hospital charges the patient the same rate it would receive for that service from Medicare, a possible reduction of up to 70 percent. Patients unable to pay at that discounted rate are eligible for further discounts that can tear up the bill entirely. To apply for Charity Care, the patient need only return to the hospital with a W-2 or other documents. Those who cooperate and return with the required documents don't get reported to the feds. But the hospital does report those who take the medical care and run. How many illegals cooperate with this generous offer? Ten percent. Burns says UMC began reporting the 90 percent who don't pay in November of 2003. So far, they've reported 565 persons. Why start reporting? "Maybe a bit of it was born of frustration because people use our resources and make no effort to work with us and pay," he says. "Even if part of the population doesn't pay, I still have to hire new people and buy and upgrade equipment, which costs $15-$20 million a year. When you have these strains on resources, from foreign citizens and as well as Medicaid patients, you have to manage cash flow very carefully." As with most issues related to the illegal invasion, those who live along the Mexican border, the scene of the crime, have the best view. Where health issues are concerned, it's not a pretty sight. Residents say they've come across ground dotted with discarded pills, syringes containing nobody knows what, and used needles. Some report riding horses along creek beds, popular pull-up areas for groups heading north, and finding 70 or 80 piles of human feces, some of it blackened and running with blood. It's as disgraceful as it is disgusting--and it raises a question: What happens when rain washes all this into the water supply? Is it a threat to spread diseases such as hepatitis? Some believe it might be. What happens when cows drink from these contaminated creeks? And what happens when this constant flow of Third World humanity goes north, fanning out all across Arizona and the country? What kind of diseases do they bring with them? ER workers like Mincher live with that question every day. "We protect ourselves best we can," she says, "but if somebody comes in with a contagious disease, I might as well buy the farm, because I don't know what it is. A lot of times, they don't know what they have either. If they came off a ranch in southern Mexico, they've had no immunizations, no health care, nothing." Most of what she sees at Copper Queen--around 75 percent--is orthopedic, falls suffered while jumping fences, for instance. Dehydration, too. Some of these are pregnant women nine months along, who, in Mincher's words, "are so desperate to have their babies born in the U.S., they'll do whatever it takes." She sees cardiac-related cases among illegals who've been given crack, methamphetamine or speed by their coyote so they can keep walking. But she's also treated illegals with active chicken pox, tuberculosis, all varieties of hepatitis and AIDS. The Web and print media are full of stories about the diseases illegals carry, and their effect on American health. But some writers make alarming claims with sketchy evidence at best. In the cases of two diseases, however--Chagas and tuberculosis--the evidence is clearer that they're indeed coming across our border. Chagas, a potentially fatal illness spread by contact with the feces of the reduviid bug, called the "kissing bug," is prevalent in South and Central America. Fifteen million people in that region are infected with the parasite, and 50,000 die of it every year, according to the World Health Organization. A person can be infected for 10 or 20 years or more before showing symptoms, making it particularly insidious. At its most severe, the disease can cause the heart to fail, and literally explode. In the United States? Louis Kirchhoff, of the University of Iowa Medical School, estimates that between 80,000 and 120,000 Latin Americans with Chagas live here. Matching prevalence studies and immigration numbers, Kirchhoff figures about 10 Chagas-infected persons entered every day from Mexico alone in the 1990s. The disease can be transmitted four ways, but for Americans, the most worrisome is the blood supply. In the United States overall, the chance of contracting Chagas from a blood transfusion is small, one in 25,000, according to David Leiby, a research scientist at the American Red Cross in Washington. But in cities with high populations from Latin America, the numbers fall to much riskier levels. In Miami, for example, the chance is one on 9,000. In L.A., 1 in 5,400. Researchers have confirmed seven cases of people contracting Chagas through blood transfusions--five in the U.S., two in Canada--and they say the number of unknown cases is probably much higher. "A rate of one in 5,400 is something we're concerned about," says Leiby, adding that the FDA is still a few years away from a useable blood-screening test. "Chagas is overlooked by the health care system in the United States. Our physicians aren't aware of it and wouldn't recognize it in most cases." Tuberculosis, which also shows up in high rates in Mexico, is migrating north as well. Many assume a place like Cochise County, right on the border and overrun by illegals, would have a high incidence of TB. But it doesn't, says Edith Sampson, of the Cochise County Health Department. "The immigrants only pass through here on the way to Atlanta, or whatever city they're going to," she says. Exactly the problem--which is a big reason why 53 percent of the TB in the United States in 2003 was among foreign-born persons, up from 29 percent in 1993, according to the Centers for Disease Control. In L.A., again because of its huge illegal population, the figure is closer to 80 percent. Only 15,000 Americans suffer from active TB, the only dangerous kind because it can be passed to someone else, usually by coughing and expelling the bacteria from the throat or lungs. That's a small number, but the New York Academy of Sciences estimates that each victim will "infect 10 or 20 or more people--in whom the disease will likely remain latent, creating the potential time-bomb effect." The State Health Department says that Arizona had 295 reported cases of active TB in 2003, a jump from the previous year. Why the increase? More of the disease was found among kids under 5 years old and prisoners. The latter were mostly Immigration and Customs Enforcement detainees--in other words, illegals. Sixty-eight percent of Arizona's foreign-born TB cases are from Mexico, says state health. Will TB return to the United States in a big way? It hasn't yet, says Lee Reichman, executive director of the New Jersey Medical School's National Tuberculosis Center. But he adds that with globalization--the ability to get around the world in 20 hours--and because "we can't stop people from getting in to this country, no matter how hard we try," the potential exists for a new epidemic. His particular concern is with multi-drug-resistant TB, fatal in 60 percent of cases. This strain requires a long regimen of costly drugs that illegals are unlikely to take, or have access to. Arizona has a small number of MDR-TB cases, and all of them in the past five years have been among foreign-born persons. "The reason you haven't heard about TB here is that good public health is working," says Reichman. "People who are symptomatic go to physicians, and the physicians don't ask questions. As soon as you have to ID yourself, or say we're going to send you back to Mexico, these people go into hiding and spread more TB. Any physician who cares about being a physician isn't going to ask those questions, because he took an oath to treat sick people." The Copper Queen's Rush Kish says that under Medicare reimbursement guides, her hospital cannot ask patients if they are in the country illegally. But how do you bill the feds to get money back for treating illegals if you can't ask if someone is illegal? Well, you play a little Orwellian word game, probing around the issue with a list of government-approved questions, then make educated assumptions. But the illegal holds the trump card, because he can refuse to answer every question. "We don't know yet what evidence Medicare will accept when we apply for reimbursement," says Kish. "But at least we can begin documenting the enormity of this problem." The question isn't whether those with genuine emergencies should get treatment. Of course they should. In Naco, residents have no access to ER care and many would die if they didn't get to the Copper Queen. The real question is: Who pays? Rev. Tom Buechele, pastor at St. John's Episcopal Church in Bisbee, thinks it's appropriate for the federal government to keep ponying up, as long as American companies "maintain their illegal trafficking in human labor." "Until we have comprehensive immigration reform, we need to bear the health-care costs for undocumented workers, whatever those costs are," says Buechele, who, for almost a year now, has been running a free monthly clinic in Naco, Arizona, catering to the poor and uninsured on both sides of the line. Although they talk a different language, politicians, even Republicans, promote policies that further Buechele's liberal vision. They boast to constituents that they've saved border hospitals by pushing through the Medicare reimbursement plan, which provides a relatively small amount of money over four years. But that's another Hobson's choice, which is to say no choice at all. What do you do, let hospitals go under? Kyl, who pushed to get the reimbursement money, says an emphatic no. "If we want those ERs to be there for us, then we'd better keep them in business," says the Arizona senator. "If our hospitals are required by federal law to treat anybody who comes into the ER, and the federal government has failed to control the border, then it's appropriate for the government to reimburse these hospitals." But some argue that the system as it stands now, with EMTALA firmly in place, is rigged to produce two results: The federal treasury will remain wide open to illegals, and that all but guarantees that more and more of them will bust the line to get here. After all, this is the end of the rainbow for them, where jobs await, education is free, health care is free. Who wouldn't come? And the more they come, the more American health suffers--from such diseases as Chagas and TB, further cutbacks in hospital services to American citizens, and even possible closures. Where's the compassion in that? Copper Queen ER nurse Josie Mincher, herself Hispanic, puts her health, and possibly her life, on the line to treat illegals. Listen to the emotion in her voice as she describes what that's like: "I go to work every day feeling like I'm on a torture wrack. My heartstrings get pulled in one direction by these sick people I want to help. Because I'm Hispanic, I know how they live. And I'm pulled in the other direction, too, thinking that if our hospitals aren't around, where do I take my own kids? "But we have to treat them because of EMTALA. It says that anybody who comes within 250 yards of an ER gets treatment. What would happen to Safeway if the law said anyone who comes within 250 yards of the store gets free food? They'd go out of business. Well, we're a business, too." Mincher's solution? "Send the bills to Mexico. If it affected them financially, they might do something about all these people coming across. My grandparents came here legally, and it took a long time and a lot of money. They respected the law. These people just walk across now. They weren't brought up the same way." Burns at UMC says he wants the U.S. and Mexican governments to work together to find a solution. But, as Kyl cautions, don't expect any breakthrough soon. Mexico benefits far too much from our illegal immigration nightmare--in jobs for its citizens and cash sent home--to step up with money to care for its own people. Until the border brought under control and the invasion stopped, we'll continue to pay the bills of people who illegally tiptoed across the line in the dead of night. This is an article from the Arizona Repuiblic newspaper, NOT something i "made up"!!!! If you don't believe me, LOOK IT UP FOR YOURSELF!!! It's on-line, if you look under Copper Queen hospital!!! And for those of you that can not take the time to READ this article, i can SEE why you are so UNINFORMED on this issue!!!!!!!!!!!!!1
Why is global warming ignored? The oceans are dying this is a fact. The lands fresh water is contaminated-no water no life! And why is it that we don't take the right steps on solar and wind sorces? Why is it that we care more for killing in a war than survival?
Revisiting cloth diaper issue? Why do so many people think that disposable diapers are more environmental friendly than cloth? They are ruining our landfills. They take years to break down. Also, human waste should not be in a land fill. Will evidentually contaminate ground water.
We always knew that were pesky little creatures, but did you know? Flies defecate every four to five minutes. And since flies have no teeth and must take their nourishment in liquid form, they spit on solid food and dissolve it before consuming it. Fly spittle, or vomitus, is swarming with bacteria and contaminates everything they land on. Sorry, I couldn't help but share this with everyone, lol My daughter just went to a Health class for her Food-Handlers card and she is just stumped by this new info she learned...ewwwwwww Sorry, I never watched the Fly. I hate movies like that.
help with cellular resp/photosynthesis with algae? please!? as technology continues to develop in our country, pollution levels continue to climb to all time highs. Large industries produce toxins that contaminate surrounding land and nearby bodies of water as well. The concern is that such toxins will reduce the population of algae in the water. Algae use carbon dioxide to synthesize sugars and oxygen. >>use your knowledge of photosynthesis and cellular respiration to answer the following<< A- explain how changes in the algae population will affect living organisms. B- as carbon dioxide emissions continue to rise, why would it b so important to maintain a substantial algae population in our waters? C- you are an environmentalist lobbying for ways to prevent pollution created by large industrial companies. Suggest 3 strategies you would propose to combat this problem.
Should the US compensate Vietnam for War Crimes.? The U S withdrew from Vietnam because the public opinion were aware The US were commiting crimes against civilians and refugees. It also contaminated half the agricultural land in Vietnam with agent ornage just before withdrawing therefore denying Vietnam any chances of success. It is estimated that one million Vietnamese died because of this contamination on a span of 25 years and countless people were born with malformations. Should the US compensate Vietnam for War Crimes ? Did it ever compensate? Tell me what are the chances the US really compensate for the destruction of Iran and Iraq? Will it compensate Iraqi and Afghans for the wronful death The US policies caused ?
which poem is better? the wind that gradually drifts through the emerald valleys the water calmly pours through her clammy hands crosswise the river lays remnants of her relatives that formerly lived in serenity in their homes filled of vivacity and exhilaration however since the chemicals contaminated their lands severely polluting everything they owned making their water and food tremendously lethal but the other side of the water was lucid and the pastures were greener on the other side she escaped but not her relations her individual token of the past was across the river as she glanced through the water of many colors the baby blue, royal red, yucky yellow, and bright brown one of those colors must of been the poisonous solution to her family's death and now her sorrows laid within her expression and her raven black hair covers her eyes of rage which whoever polluted her native lands would someday receive the consequences of their own the wind that slowly drifts through the green valleys the water calmly pours through her clammy hands across the river lays remains of her family that once lived in peace in their homes full of liveliness and excitement but since the chemicals polluted their lands harshly polluting everything they owned making their water and food extremely toxic but the other side of the water was clear and the grass was greener on the other side she escaped but not her family her one reminder of the past was across the river as she glazed through the water of many colors the baby blue, royal red, yucky yellow, and bright brown one of those colors must of been the poisonous solution to her family's death and now her sorrowfulness laid within her expression and her raven black hair covers her eyes of fury which who ever polluted her native lands would someday pay the price of their own
please help with cellular resp/photosynthesis Questions and algae? please? as technology continues to develop in our country, pollution levels continue to climb to all time highs. Large industries produce toxins that contaminate surrounding land and nearby bodies of water as well. The concern is that such toxins will reduce the population of algae in the water. Algae use carbon dioxide to synthesize sugars and oxygen. >>use your knowledge of photosynthesis and cellular respiration to answer the following<< A- explain how changes in the algae population will affect living organisms. B- as carbon dioxide emissions continue to rise, why would it b so important to maintain a substantial algae population in our waters? C- you are an environmentalist lobbying for ways to prevent pollution created by large industrial companies. Suggest 3 strategies you would propose to combat this problem.
Main Sewer Line Under My House - Is this unhealthy? Revised? My house was built in '77, the plot of land our house is on was never to be sold or built on. Our house is sitting on top of the main sewer line for our subdivision. The pipes have been there since '58, when the other houses in the subdivision were built. The water and sewer co. is going to close off the pipes that are underneath and reroute them around our house. Is the soil underneath my house contaminated? We had to have our crawl space treated for mold, but no one could tell where the mold originated. Me and my little girls have had hives, sinus problems and dizziness since moving in here two years ago. Could there be a connection? What does the water company do with the existing pipes under the house when they close them off? Our house should have never been built and no one will help us, the building commissioner said "the guy who signed off on the plumbing for the house is dead and so is the builder, you're out of luck". Can anyone offer any advise?
Why is the misnomer "Hispanic" used so frequently? For one, white "Hispanics" consider themselves European and they hate Amerindian and Black "Hispanics" with all their heart. Two, most of us have NEVER been contaminated by not one single drop of European blood. I can trace my full-blood Amerindian lineage back to the early 17th century. Three, we share NOTHING in common culturally. True, most Amerindian "Hispanics" can speak Spanish as well as our own languages, but we have never been to Spain and we refuse to be considered part of such a culture. Is the term "Hispanic" a political tool to distance Native Americans south of the USA from their land? Because we have nothing to do with Spain, we're 100% Americans.
please i need help bad!!? 1: Soda is sold in aluminum cans that measure 6 inches in height and 2 inches in diameter. How many cubic inches of soda are contained in a full can? (Round your answer to the nearest tenth of a cubic inch.) 12.0 18.8 24.0 75.4 2: A pharmacist is filling medicine capsules. The capsules are cylinders with half spheres on each end. If the length of the cylinder is 12 mm and the radius is 2 mm, how many cubic mm of medication can one capsule hold? (Round your answer to the nearest tenth of a cubic mm.) 32.7 150.7 184.3 202.6 3: Please refer to figure 1 and find the volume in cubic feet. 1575 4050 5400 6225 4: Pine bark mulch 6 inches deep is to be spread in each of the following flower beds. 1st: 2 foot by 25 foot rectangular bed, 2nd: 2 foot by 25 foot rectangular bed, 3rd: 4 foot by 25 foot rectangular bed, and 4th: 15 foot diameter circular flower bed. Mulch is sold by the cubic yard. To the nearest cubic yard, how much mulch will need to be purchased? 5 7 16 27 5: Ed works for an environmental protection agency which deals with land areas that have been contaminated by toxic waste. The contaminated soil covers an area of 1.62 acres. Ed must remove the top 18 inches of soil in this area. 1 acre = 43,560 square feet 1 square yard = 9 square feet What is the area of contaminated soil in square yards? 1600.0 3920.4 7840.8 10890 6: With the information from number 5, what is the total volume of the contaminated soil in cubic yards? 1600.0 3920.4 7840.8 10890 7: With the information from number 5 and 6, if each truck can haul 10 cubic yards of soil, how many full truckloads of contaminated soil will Ed be removing? 160 392 393 784
Monsanto- worst corporate a holes ever? Monsanto promotes its GM crap as safe, yet the EU, Japan and the 3rd world see it as it really is- serfdom to Monsanto. In infamous Schmeiser vs Monsanto (M) case ruled that if GM cross-pollinated or contaminated non GM crop- non-GM became property of M along with all seeds farmers store for developing his own better seed. In contracts (serfdom) with M a farmer must: Never use own crops or seed Use only M seed Use only M chemicals Agree to random, no-warrant inspections from private M crop inspectors Never take M to court- ever- even if land is rendered unusable/contaminated if you want to start afresh as a non M-serf farmer If M fines you for violations- you must sign a non-disclosure statement MUST pay $15/acre- regardless of yield If Monsanto suspects possible GM crop contamination even on independent farmers land they can w/out warrant drop an aerial herbicide bomb- if crop dies- farmer is safe- if not- M will take them to cleaners.
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